A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE AFFECT OF TIMING OF GRANISETRON ADMINISTRATION IN PERIOPERATIVE PERIOD FOR PROPHYLACTIC ANTIEMETIC TO PREVENT PONV

Kannauj Swargiri, Pawan Kumar

Abstract


Introduction: Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) have been associated for many years with the use of general anaesthetics for surgical procedures, and descriptions of these side effects, induced by ether and chloroform, were included in the earliest textbooks of pharmacology and therapeutics. Presently there are numerous antiemetic drugs available, having different mechanism of action and target sites with varying potency and pharmacokinetic profiles. Commonly employed drugs range from prokinetic dopaminergic antagonists, 5–HT3 receptor antagonists, butyrophenones, anticholinergics, phenothiazines antihistaminics, benzamides and steroids.

Material & Methods: This study has been carried out on ninety (90) patients undergoing various types of elective abdominal surgery in a tertiary care hospital in Jorhat Assam over a period of one year. This study was designed with the aim that GRANISETRON will be administered at different timings to find out the most effective time for administration of the drug out of the three timings, viz. 10 minutes before induction, intraoperative i.e. 10 minutes after induction and 10 minutes before closure. Subsequently it would evaluate the safety of the individual drug in terms of awakening time from anaesthesia and clinical haemodynamic parameters.

Results: Nausea and vomiting were evaluated in three intervals during the 24 hours postoperative period, viz. 0—2 hours, 2—12 hours and 12—24 hours. Nausea was rated as present or absent at the end of each interval during 24 hours postoperative period. The overall incidence of nausea is 25 of 90 patients during 0—24 hours postoperative period and vomiting (when calculated separately) came out to be 8 out of 90 patients.

Conclusion: In conclusion we derive that: Granisetron 2mg i.v. is effective in postoperative nausea and vomiting. Granisetron 2mg i.v. is more efficacious when it is administered at the end of the surgery. There were no significant adverse events.


Keywords


Granisetron, Antiemetic, Prophylactic antiemetic, PONV, Nausea, Vomiting.

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