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IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON FOOD GRAINS PRODUCTION IN PRE AND POST REFORM PERIOD IN INDIA

S. Seethalakshmi, S. Gandhimathi

Abstract


Climate is an important component of production system of agriculture. Overall in India, it is predicted that, physical impact of climate change will be seen as (1) an increase in the average surface temperature by 2-4 degrees C, (2) changes in rainfall (both distribution and frequency) during both monsoon and non-monsoon months, (3) a decrease in the number of rainy days by more than 15 days, (5) an increase in the intensity of rain by 1-4mm/day and an (6) increase in the frequency and intensity of cyclonic storms. Because of climate change, Indian agriculture is doubly vulnerable. First as around 60 percent of India’s total agricultural areas are rain-fed, it is highly vulnerable to climate change impacts on monsoon. Secondly, more than 80 percent of farmers in India are small and marginal (having less than 1 ha of land) thus having less capacity to cope with climate change impacts on agriculture. India’s 200 backward districts as ranked by the Planning Commission are distinguished for the large-scale practice of rain-fed agriculture. With the changing food habits and market conditions, farmers prefer wheat or rice in most parts of the country. In most agro-climatic regions, farmers have stopped cultivation of millets which are suitable to a particular agro-climatic region. Climate change is projected to have serious implications for these major crops especially wheat.

Keywords


Climate Change, Agricultural Production, Economic Reforms.

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References


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