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DEVELOPMENT ISSUES IN THE POST REFORMS PHASE – HOW INCLUSIVE IS INDIA’S DEVELOPMENT PROCESS?

A.C. Kavitha, P. Parvathy

Abstract


A holistic approach to development process demands incorporation of the concept of inclusive development so as to ensure that the fruits of development do not bypass the poor, the marginalized and the vulnerable sections of the society. Development becomes inclusive only if all the stakeholders are not just beneficiaries of development process but also active agents of it. The need to assess the extent to which the development process in India is inclusive in the post reforms phase is imperative reckoning the fact that India has witnessed tremendous economic growth during this period. Though remarkable growth rates in Gross National Income, Gross Domestic Product and GDP Per Capita could be registered in the post reforms period, India was outdone by other emerging market economies among BRICS nations as well as the South Asian neighbors on most of the development indices such as HDI, Inequality adjusted HDI, GDI, GII, IDI, Gini coefficient for income and wealth, etc. This serves to indicate the extent of exclusion that manifest itself in forms in the country such as gender divide, rural-urban divide, concentration of income and wealth, constrained labor force participation etc denying the benefits of economic growth to the marginalized and vulnerable sections of the society. This definitely points to the need for the implementation of inclusive development strategy in India.

Keywords


Inclusive development, Gender, inequality, Rural-urban divide, Development indices.

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